Experts call for stronger firework controls as NHS injuries rise

Health experts have called for tighter regulation and sustained public safety campaigns, warning that the harm caused by consumer fireworks extends beyond short-term burns and accidents.

Writing in The BMJ, US specialists said firework injuries can cause permanent sight loss, amputations and serious damage to the hands, face and ears. They also highlighted wider risks including fires, hearing damage, air pollution and distress caused by sudden noise. The article is an expert opinion piece drawing together existing evidence rather than a new clinical study.

The warning comes as NHS figures show 85 people were admitted to hospitals in England with firework-related injuries during November 2025, compared with 60 a year earlier. Across 2025, admissions reached 161, a rise of 34% on the previous year. Children were among those treated for potentially life-changing injuries involving fireworks and sparklers.

The health risks are not limited to the person lighting a firework. Spectators and bystanders can also suffer eye and burn injuries, while smoke can aggravate respiratory conditions. Loud and unpredictable explosions may cause particular distress to autistic people, those living with post-traumatic stress disorder and others with heightened sensitivity to noise.

The experts want medical organisations and public health bodies to encourage attendance at professionally managed displays rather than home use. They also proposed stronger warning labels, better injury monitoring and safety education for children.

The UK Government is already reviewing firework legislation, including possible changes intended to reduce noise and antisocial use. Its consultation found considerable public support for reform while recognising that fireworks remain an important part of many cultural and community celebrations.

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